Poczucie sensu życia, nadzieja i samoocena u osób uzależnionych od alkoholu w procesie trzeźwienia, na przykładzie członków Wspólnoty Anonimowych Alkoholików. Studium przypadków.
Abstrakt
Celem badania było poznanie i zrozumienie dynamiki zmian w zakresie odbudowy zasobów psychologicznych: poczucia sensu życia, nadziei i samooceny u osób uzależnionych od alkoholu w procesie trzeźwienia. Nastąpiło to poprzez ujawnienie subiektywnej perspektywy badanych, którzy opisywali oraz nadawali znaczenie zmianom, które nastąpiły w ich życiu po odstawieniu alkoholu, a także na skutek oddziaływań tj. wstąpienie do AA czy podjęcia terapii uzależnień. Dodatkowo zidentyfikowano czynniki wspierające i utrudniające utrzymywanie przez nich trzeźwości.
Zastosowano studium przypadków, w oparciu o wywiady przeprowadzone wśród pięciu uczestników wspólnoty Anonimowych Alkoholików. Dodatkowo wykorzystano narzędzia pomiarowe: Test sensu życia (PIL) Jamesa C. Crumbaugha i Leonard T. Maholicka, Kwestionariusz Nadziei Podstawowej (BHI-12) Jerzego Trzebińskiego i Mariusza Zięby oraz Skalę Samooceny (SES) Morrisa Rosenberga. Badani odnosili się retrospektywnie, opisując zmiany, które nastąpiły w ich życiu od okresu czynnego uzależnienia do chwili obecnej.
W procesie trzeźwienia odbudowa zasobów psychologicznych nie przebiega w sposób linearny. Wyniki wykazały istotny wzrost poczucia sensu życia i nadziei w okresie trzeźwienia. W przypadku samooceny dynamika okazała się zróżnicowana, co wynikało z ujawnienia się niskiej samooceny ukrytej, wcześniej maskowanej mechanizmami iluzji i zaprzeczeń. Badani zgodnie wskazywali, że zarówno profesjonalna terapia, jak i uczestnictwo we wspólnocie AA odegrały kluczową, wzajemnie uzupełniającą się rolę w procesie zdrowienia.
The aim of the study was to explore and understand the dynamics of change in rebuilding psychological resources: meaning in life, hope, and self-esteem in alcohol-dependent individuals during their sobriety process. This was achieved by revealing the subjective perspectives of the participants, who described and attributed meaning to the changes that occurred in their lives after quitting alcohol, as well as as a result of interactions such as joining AA and engaging in addiction treatment. Additionally, factors supporting and hindering their sobriety were identified. A case study was used, based on interviews conducted among five Alcoholics Anonymous members. Additional measurement tools included the Meaning in Life Inventory (PIL) by James C. Crumbaugh and Leonard T. Maholick, the Basic Hope Inventory (BHI-12) by Jerzy Trzebiński and Mariusz Zięba, and the Self-Esteem Scale (SES) by Morris Rosenberg. Participants reflected retrospectively, describing the changes that had occurred in their lives from the period of active addiction to the present. During sobriety, rebuilding psychological resources is not a linear process. The results showed a significant increase in the sense of meaning in life and hope during sobriety. In the case of self-esteem, the dynamics were varied, resulting from the emergence of underlying low self-esteem, previously masked by mechanisms of illusion and denial. Participants unanimously indicated that both professional therapy and participation in the AA community played a key, complementary role in the recovery process.
The aim of the study was to explore and understand the dynamics of change in rebuilding psychological resources: meaning in life, hope, and self-esteem in alcohol-dependent individuals during their sobriety process. This was achieved by revealing the subjective perspectives of the participants, who described and attributed meaning to the changes that occurred in their lives after quitting alcohol, as well as as a result of interactions such as joining AA and engaging in addiction treatment. Additionally, factors supporting and hindering their sobriety were identified. A case study was used, based on interviews conducted among five Alcoholics Anonymous members. Additional measurement tools included the Meaning in Life Inventory (PIL) by James C. Crumbaugh and Leonard T. Maholick, the Basic Hope Inventory (BHI-12) by Jerzy Trzebiński and Mariusz Zięba, and the Self-Esteem Scale (SES) by Morris Rosenberg. Participants reflected retrospectively, describing the changes that had occurred in their lives from the period of active addiction to the present. During sobriety, rebuilding psychological resources is not a linear process. The results showed a significant increase in the sense of meaning in life and hope during sobriety. In the case of self-esteem, the dynamics were varied, resulting from the emergence of underlying low self-esteem, previously masked by mechanisms of illusion and denial. Participants unanimously indicated that both professional therapy and participation in the AA community played a key, complementary role in the recovery process.