Radzenie sobie ze stresem a lęk wśród młodzieży w okresie dorastania
Abstrakt
Celem badania było zbadanie zależności pomiędzy sposobami radzenia sobie ze stresem a poziomem lęku jako stanu i jako cechy wśród młodzieży w okresie dorastania. W badaniu wzięły udział 102 osoby w wieku od 15 do 18 lat (M=16,49; SD=1,04), w tym 45 kobiet i 57 mężczyzn. Do pomiaru stylów radzenia sobie ze stresem zastosowano Kwestionariusz CISS (Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations) w polskiej adaptacji Szczepaniaka i in. (2005). Nasilenie lęku jako stanu i jako cechy zmierzono za pomocą Inwentarza Stanu i Cechy Lęku STAI Spielbergera (1983). Dodatkowo wykorzystano ankietę własnej konstrukcji do zebrania danych demograficznych. Wykazano, że nasilenie stylu zadaniowego było powiązane ujemnie z nasileniem lęku jako stanu, natomiast styl emocjonalny był powiązany dodatnio z nasileniem lęku jako stanu i jako cechy, podobnie jak poprzez poszukiwanie kontaktów towarzyskich. Stwierdzono również, że kobiety charakteryzowały się wyższym nasileniem lęku jako stanu i jako cechy oraz wyższym nasileniem emocjonalnego stylu radzenia sobie ze stresem w porównaniu z mężczyznmi. Nie wykazano związku wieku z nasileniem stylu zadaniowego, natomiast stwierdzono ujemne związki wieku z nasileniem stylu emocjonalnego i unikowego oraz jego komponentów. Nie potwierdzono różnic między płciami w zakresie siły związków pomiędzy stylami radzenia sobie ze stresem a poziomem lęku.
The aim of the study was to examine the relationships between coping styles and the level of anxiety as a state and as a trait among adolescents. The study included 102 participants aged 15 to 18 years (M = 16.49, SD = 1.04), including 45 females and 57 males. Coping styles were measured using the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS) in the Polish adaptation by Szczepaniak et al. (2005). Anxiety as a state and as a trait was assessed using the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) by Spielberger (1983). Additionally, an author-designed questionnaire was used to collect demographic data. The results showed that task-oriented coping was negatively associated with state anxiety, whereas emotion-oriented coping was positively associated with both state and trait anxiety, as was coping through seeking social contacts. It was also found that females were characterized by higher levels of state and trait anxiety and higher levels of emotion-oriented coping compared to males. No association was found between age and task-oriented coping; however, negative associations were observed between age and emotion-oriented and 4 avoidance coping as well as its components. No gender differences were confirmed in the strength of the relationships between coping styles and anxiety levels. Keywords: anxiety, coping styles, stress, gender, adolescents
The aim of the study was to examine the relationships between coping styles and the level of anxiety as a state and as a trait among adolescents. The study included 102 participants aged 15 to 18 years (M = 16.49, SD = 1.04), including 45 females and 57 males. Coping styles were measured using the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS) in the Polish adaptation by Szczepaniak et al. (2005). Anxiety as a state and as a trait was assessed using the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) by Spielberger (1983). Additionally, an author-designed questionnaire was used to collect demographic data. The results showed that task-oriented coping was negatively associated with state anxiety, whereas emotion-oriented coping was positively associated with both state and trait anxiety, as was coping through seeking social contacts. It was also found that females were characterized by higher levels of state and trait anxiety and higher levels of emotion-oriented coping compared to males. No association was found between age and task-oriented coping; however, negative associations were observed between age and emotion-oriented and 4 avoidance coping as well as its components. No gender differences were confirmed in the strength of the relationships between coping styles and anxiety levels. Keywords: anxiety, coping styles, stress, gender, adolescents