Contemporary Innovation and Entrepreneurship Concepts, 2012, vol. 8, issue 4
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Pozycja Female Entrepreneurship – An Appropriate Response to Gender Discrimination(Nowy Sacz School of Business – National-Louis University, 2012) Ascher, JacquesThis study aims to discuss one of the most significant economic and social developments in the world – the rise of the female entrepreneurship phenomenon. Women entrepreneurship needs to be studied as a separate field for two main reasons: (a). Female entrepreneurship is an important source of economic growth in creating new jobs and by being genetically different: women provide different solutions to management and business issues; (b). Female entrepreneurship has been neglected, particularly in business research. Although equal opportunity for men and women in the entrepreneurial field is not a reality in the short range, the progress towards its achievement could be facilitated by better understanding of the impact of female entrepreneurship on society and its contribution to economic growth. This study addresses the growth in female entrepreneurship in the developed and developing countries, explores primary motivational and other factors that influence female entrepreneurship, reviews the main obstacles facing the female entrepreneur, and finally makes recommendations to policy-makers to encourage and support such activity.Pozycja Age Management as a Tool for the Demographic Decline in the 21 st Century: An Overview of its Characteristics(Nowy Sacz School of Business – National-Louis University, 2012) Fabisiak, Jan; Prokurat, SergiuszThis paper sets out to study recent developments in the relatively new area in management theory - Age Management. First the general labor and financial market conditions are specified which have led to the growing need of an age-oriented strategy for employment in the company. Next the concept of Age Management is defined, both from the macro, enterprise-level and individual perspectives. The next section studies the benefits derived from implementing Age Management for the company and its employees, followed by a section on specific Age Management tools and measures. The penultimate section explores the prerequisites for successful implementation. This paper finds that Age Management as a concept is gaining ground, predominantly in managing and retaining near-retirement-age workers. Concluding, we find that there is a significant need for more comprehensive Age Management and effective Age Management measures to maintain firms’ and economies’ competitiveness in the face of demographic decline.Pozycja Languages in Problem Solving and Modeling(Nowy Sacz School of Business – National-Louis University, 2012) Śliwa, KazimierzThe article concerns the problem of languages used in modeling and solving problems. Its framework stems from the distinction between two problem solving approaches – expert and interactive approach. The language choice is particularly important for the latter; we cannot solve a problem using a language that has not been used for the problem description. The text presents some arbitrarily chosen problem modeling languages, including computer supported ones. Special attention is paid to the SEQUAL and System Dynamics language.Pozycja Innovation Capital and its Measurement(Nowy Sacz School of Business – National-Louis University, 2012) Kijek, TomaszInnovation capital regarded as an element of intellectual capital reflects the ability of an organization to create and commercialize the new knowledge (innovations). The aim of this study is twofold. Firstly, an attempt is made to give a concise review of innovation capital concept and its measures in selected intellectual capital – IC –models. Secondly, this paper sets out to extend the current models and introduce a new valuation method of innovation capital. Moreover, the paper provides empirical evidence about the use of the proposed method.Pozycja The Spanish cod fishing industry: Radical production changes without significant changes in the innovation system(Nowy Sacz School of Business – National-Louis University, 2012) González-López, ManuelThis paper studies the changes which have occurred in the Spanish cod fishing industry in the last few years. We also aim to understand the dynamics of industrial change and its relation to institutions, understood here as both formal and informal rules and conventions. Our results suggest that sometimes industries, in order to maintain their competitive position, need something more than incremental changes in their products or in the technologies that they use. As we can see with the Spanish cod fishing industry, major changes are needed which affect the institutional set-up of their production system. Nevertheless, even when major changes happen in the production sphere, this does not mean that major alterations happen in the way companies innovate, i.e. in their innovation system.Pozycja How to Strengthen Positive Organizational Behaviors Fostering Experiential Learning? The Case of Military Organizations(Nowy Sacz School of Business – National-Louis University, 2012) Lis, AndrzejThe aim of the paper is to study the challenges concerning organizational behaviors crucial for Lessons Learned capabilities in military organizations as well as to indentify the solutions and recommendations to develop and strengthen positive organizational culture, climate and behaviors fostering experiential learning. The attention is focused around positive behaviors recognized by NATO as the key success factors for Lessons Learned capabilities such as: the engagement of leaders, positive mindset, willingness to share information and stakeholder involvement. The contents of the paper are mainly based on the interviews with Lessons Learned experts and practitioners representing both NATO commands, bodies and national Lessons Learned military organizations. Moreover, the outcomes of the analysis of selected military documents and the literature survey contributed to the study.Pozycja Job Design and Innovative Work Behavior: One Size Does Not Fit All Types of Employees(Nowy Sacz School of Business – National-Louis University, 2012) De Spiegelaere, Stan; Van Hootegem, Geert; Van Gyes, GuyAs innovative employees become imperative for an organizations’ success, research identified job design as a crucial variable in promoting innovative work behavior (IWB) (Hammond et al., 2011). Using the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model of Bakker & Demerouti (2007), this article contributes to the literature as it uses recent insights on the distinction between job challenges and job hindrances (Van den Broeck et al., 2010) and distinguishes between blue- and white-collar employees. Using survey data of 893 employees of various organizations the findings generally confirm the JD-R model, although important differences were found between blue-collar and white-collar employees regarding the relation of organizing and routine tasks with IWB. Job content insecurity further was found to be very detrimental for blue-collar IWB. These findings have important HR and political implications as they show that there is no ‘one size fits all’ HR solution for innovation.